Nej till USA - men kanske ja till ickevåldsmotstånd?

Efter bönen i fredags marscherade åtskilliga tiotusen genom Bagdad i protest mot USA:s närvaro. CNN:s Jim Clancy rapporterade att det enda som tänkbara kommande irakiska ledare kan samla folk med är kravet “US go home”.

Jag tänker tillbaka på de många irakier på alla nivåer som jag själv och Christian Hårleman talade med under två resor i Irak, senast i januari. Vi diskuterade kriget som då för dag kom närmre. Vi undrade hur folk skulle försvara sig. Det vanligaste svaret var att irakiska soldater och civila skulle kämpa till sista man.

En diplomat sa att det enda Irak USA skulle kunna erövra var ett folktomt Irak. Han förtydligade med att det inte innebär att alla kommer att ha flytt, men att “amerikanerna måste döda oss innan de kommer in här”.

Detsamma sa de flesta, i ministerierna och på caféerna, “vi kommer att kämpa och om det inte förslår ligger våra liv i Allahs händer”.

Vi blev förra året inbjudna att tala på det prestigefyllda halvofficiella och relativt oberoende Beit-Al-Hikma institutet, en vacker blå byggnad, bredvid försvarsministeriet. Vi tog upp FN och olika fredsbevarande uppdrag, diskuterade konfliktanalys, konfliktläkning och -lösning. Vi talade om fred med fredliga medel, också om Gandhi. Bland åhörarna fanns Iraks bästa sociologer och andra vetenskapsmän, liksom medlemmar i Baathpartiet och pensionerade militärer. Vi hade bett att journalister inte skulle vara närvarande.

Så gott som alla kommentarer var av det här slaget:

“Det ni har att säga är intressant och ni har flera poänger. Era idéer om icke-våld är säkert tillämpbara för andra delar av världen men inte här. När det gäller Irak är idéerna helt orealistiska. Irak är speciellt, USA är speciellt och i vårt fall är det alldeles orealistiskt att tala om icke-våldsmotstånd. Jag tror heller inte att USA skulle ändra sina avsikter att anfalla Irak om vi organiserade något slags gandhistiskt försvar, som ni verkar föreslå.”

Före vår resa i januari hade jag planerat att ta upp samma frågor. Men det gick inte. Det fanns inte någon som vågade antyda att Irak kunde förlora militärt. Deras sak var rättfärdig och därför skulle de vinna – och om inte, så var det Allahs vilja.

Jag kan inte låta bli att tänka på de vänligt välkomnande, artiga och respektfulla irakier som vi mötte överallt. De talade mjukt, med lugn och värdighet. Ingen skrek, ingen använde hårda ord om de framtida angriparna. Jag upplevde inte mycket desperation. Vi såg få militära förberedelser på gatorna. Folk gick till sina jobb som om inget kunde hända. Någon sa, att vad kan vi göra annat än att försöka leva våra liv så normalt som möjligt.

I Irakisk kultur finns också en kult av makt och militarism, av den starke mannen på toppen, muskelstyrka, gevär. Det fanns tusentals ikonaktiga statyer, muralmålningar och foton av Saddam ˆ var manän befann sig. Styrka, makt, macho.

På TV visades militärparader, actionfilmer, marscher och sånger. I Bagdad fanns paradtorg. Över ett av dessa höjde sig väldiga svärd som bågar. Här fanns alla slags monument för krig och martyrer, bombastiska skulpturer men också extremt vackra.

I Revolutionära Rådet bar alla utom president Saddam Hussein gröna uniformer. Rådet möttes – på TV – i ett vitt, rent, sakralt, kapellaktigt rum. Till bilderna spelades högtidlig musik av Bach. Det var lika patetiskt som begravningsaktigt.

I Irak odlades också det heroiska minnet av historiens stora slag, av segrarna och den egna moraliska styrkan liksom av den arabiska och irakiska sakens rättfärdighet. Seger skulle vinnas med militära medel, med massförstörelsevapen, med den väldiga armén, med de tusentals bästa soldaterna.

Det var Babylon och Nebukadnessar om och om igen.

Som besökare upplevde jag en gåtfull spänning i det irakiska samhället. Regimen förstod uppenbarligen inte ett ord av “mjuk makt”. Jag hoppas innerligt att folket gör det, åtminstone nu, til slut. Och för en bra början på post-Saddam-Irak.

Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer

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