Boken: En livräddares försvarstal

“En livräddares försvarstal”Av: Borislav Pekic
Översättning från serbokroatiska av Djordje Zarkovic
Gavrilo förlag

Den ex-jugoslaviske författaren Borislav Pekics roman “En livräddares försvarstal” är både en uppsluppen skröna och en politisk satir över det Jugoslavien som inte längre finns.

Romanen, publicerad 1977, skildrar livräddaren Andrija Gavrilovic, som år ut och år in med stor nit fullgör det arbete vilket han betraktar som ett kall. Men han har otur. Den enda gång han behöver gripa in är för att rädda en hund, annars inte en enda incident. Men vem kan vara domare om det inte finns några skyldiga, vem kan vara läkare utan patienter?

Efter femton år utspelar sig dramatiska förändringar i landet. Stora starka karlar kommer till hans strand för att bada, goda simmare. Tyskarna har ockuperat landet. Nu ockuperar de också Andrijas strand.

“En livräddares försvarstal”är skriven som ett förklarande brev”att öppnas efter min död”. Brevet/berättelsen har inspirerats av “Sokrates försvarstal”, av en viss Platon, en “medbroder i nöd. Oskyldigt dömd.” Andrija har funnit skriften i det stora biblioteket till det tyska fängelse i München, där han långt senare sitter mordanklagad. Livräddaren vill förklara de komplicerade sammanhangen i sitt liv, den långa vägen till fängelset. Han har erkänt ett mord som han inte begått. Och det är visar det sig inte bara logiskt utan också oundvikligt. Genom att berätta sanningen hoppas han att någon ska förbarma sig och begrava honom i jugoslavisk jord.

En dramatisk händelse förändrade Andrijas liv. Han räddade under dramatiska omständigheter en drunknande. Efter femton år fick han sitt första fall. Men den han räddar visar sig vara själve kretskommendanten, en högt uppsatt nazisoldat. När livräddaren hyllas som hjälte av tyskarna och får sin bild i den nazivänliga pressen förvandlas han till kollaboratör och medlöpare i sina landsmäns ögon.

Författaren var dissident i Titos Jugoslavien och presenteras på romanens baksida som “en av Serbiens och ex-Jugoslaviens största 1900-talsförfattare”. Han gick i exil i London redan 1970, men hans böcker gavs ut i hemlandet som han också regelbundet besökte. “En livräddares försvarstal” är skriven i en östeuropeisk satirisk tradition, som jag gillar. Det handlar om den lille mannen som gör rätt för sig men som drabbas av ödet och av historiens orkanvindar, som förintar den privata sfären.

I ett efterord porträtteras Pekic av Vesna Stanisic , dramaturg i Stockholm, som berättar om hur den annars lågmälde och tillbakadragne Pekic 1990 och 1991 deltog i de blodiga demonstrationerna mot Slobodan Milosevics regim. Stanisic skriver:

“Jag satt på redaktionen av den oberoende radiostationen när nyheten nådde mig att polisen hade misshandlat Borislav Pekic. … När man kunde ge sig på Borislav Pekic med batonger på öppen gata, … innebar det tveklöst att tiden för övermod och ondska var inne … Från den dagen stod mina resväskor ständigt packade.”

Vesna Stanisic flyttade till Sverige 1991. Samma år kom kriget till Balkan. Året därpå avled Borislav Pekic i London.

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