Lecture notes at the Hardanger Academy for Peace Development and Environment 30 Jul 2017 These are the goals of the United Nations; the Hardanger Academy in little Jondal, Norway (population ca.1150) made them three foci. The problem arose: what do they have in common? Are they three aspects of the same thing? If so, what is that “thing”? Four ways of trying to answer have been identified and explored. Four because of four ways of approaching social reality, through: • actors, with intentions-capabilities-contexts, with their needs; • culture, defining the true-good-right-beautiful-sacred; • structure, the patterns of individual and collective interaction; • nature, evolving to higher complexity, with diversity and symbiosis. All four have surfaces and deeper aspects. The surface aspects are conscious, can be articulated and communicated. The deeper aspects are repressed into the subconscious as inconvenient, too obvious or simply unknown. They can be “conscientized” (Freire), or simply be...