Medier under attack

Kampen om sanningen i Irakkriget förs inte bara genom propaganda och spridandet av felaktiga uppgifter utan också genom sabotage och missiler.

Den arabiska TV-sändaren al-Jazira står för en kvalificerad alternativ bild av kriget, utifrån ett arabiskt perspektiv och på kompetent journalistiska grund. I tisdags och onsdags i förra veckan förstördes sändarens engelskspråkiga webbsida, oklart av vem. Den som gick in på www. aljazeera.net fick i stället se en amerikansk karta utformad som en flagga, med texten “Låt friheten ringa” och finstilta upplysningen “Hackad av den patriotiska frihetscybermilitian”.

Det skulle förvåna mig mycket om det bara var datorkunniga tonårsgrabbar som låg bakom. I samma veva blev sändarens reportrar portförbjudna på New Yorkbörsen. En talesman för al-Jazira vädjade förgäves om stöd för pressfriheten.

I tisdags i förra veckan träffades irakiska televisionens byggnad i Bagdad av en missil. Attentatet var ett uppenbart brott mot Genèvekonventionen som förbjuder angrepp på civila mål. Det ledde till skarpa protester från Internationella Journalistfederationens generalsekreterare Aidan White, från Amnesty International och Human Rights Watch.

Attacken kan ha varit en “krigsförbrytelse”, skrev Amnesty. “Det är oförenligt med internationella humanitära lagar att bomba en TV-sändare bara för att den används för propaganda”, hette det vidare. På liknande vis bombade NATO TV-huset i Belgrad 1999 och Al-Jaziras sändare i Kabul under Afghanistankriget.

I USA applåderade tongivande medier missilerna mot den irakiska televisionen.

Redan före bombningen tyckte patriotiska Murdochägda Fox Chanel att “Borde vi inte få irakisk TV att sluta sända? Ska vi inte släppa ner något i kaminskorstenen där?” (John Gibson i Fox, 24/3). Samma dag rekommenderade CNBC:s Forrest Sawyer sabotage för att slå ut TV-huset. NBC:s Andrea Mitchell var inne på samma linje, men påminde om att USA behöver sändaren längre fram för att “få ut sitt budskap”.

New York Times Michael Gordon tyckte att TV-stationen ˆ “som visat bilder på en irakisk bonde som skulle ha skjutit ner en Apache-helikopter” ˆ var en propagandasändare och därför ett lämpligt mål.

CNN:s Aaron Brown påminde också om att många amerikaner undrat hur den irakiska TVn tillåtits sända så länge.

Någon diskussion om frågan om bombningen som ett brott mot Genèvekonventionen och krigets lagar har knappast förekommit i stora amerikanska medier, konstaterar den oberoende mediegranskande stiftelsen FAIR (Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting) i en rapport i söndags. FAIR skriver:

“När Vita huset anklagade Irak för att kränka Genèvekonventionen genom att visa bilder på amerikanska krigsfångar var medierna ivriga då det gällde att relatera händelsen till internationell rätt. Det är en skam att amerikanska medier inte använder samma argument då det gäller den egna regeringen.”

I gårdagens Washington Post refererades en intervju med legendariske Peter Arnett. Under förra golfkriget rapporterade han för CNN från Bagdad. Nu bevakar han kriget från Bagdad för NBC, MSNBC och National Geographic. Som en “artighet” lät han sig intervjuas av irakisk TV och sa då bl a att “den amerikanska krigsplanen misslyckats till följd av det irakiska motståndet. Nu försöker de tänka ut en ny krigsplan.”

Reaktionerna i USA blev våldsamma. Två kongressledamöter hoppades att han kunde tystas. En talesman för Vita Huset sa att Arnett var totalt okunnig. “Han har aldrig utarbetat en krigsplan”.

Kräver kriget nya kriterier på goda journalister?

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